To become a Permanent Resident of Canada, you must meet the eligibility requirements for the program you apply to. Each program has different requirements in terms of work experience, language skills, education, and more. You can use the Government of Canada's Come to Canada tool to see if you're eligible to apply for Canadian PR.
According to the Government’s processing time calculator, applications for the Federal Skilled Worker Program, the Federal Skilled Trades Class, and the Canadian Experience Class should be processed in 6 months. However, the 6-month processing time is calculated after an applicant receives an Invitation to Apply (ITA) and submits their application.
This processing time estimate does not include the two months you have beforehand to gather your documentation nor the months prior to that when you must take your language exams and have your foreign education evaluated.
We also find that the 6-month processing time often turns out to be more like 8 months. Furthermore, processing time can be longer based on factors unique to your situation. For example, if you have a lengthy work history, a complex background (you’ve lived in many different countries), or if you have multiple family members on your application, it may take longer to review your application.